The {1930s|nineteen thirties|thirties} was a time of fervent {in the|within the} automotive world. Paul Jaray had been {promoting|selling} {the benefits|the advantages} of streamlining and wind tunnel testing {for almost|for nearly} a decade, {while|whereas} engineering theorists {such as|akin to|comparable to|corresponding to|equivalent to|reminiscent of|resembling|similar to} Josef Ganz {were|had been|have been} espousing rear mounting {as the|because the} {most efficient|best|most effective} {position|place} for engine placement. 1933 was the {year|12 months|yr} that these {ideas|concepts|ideas} crystallized into {a new|a brand new} {generation|era|technology} of {vehicles|automobiles|autos}. In 1932 the Gutbrod {company|firm} engaged Josef Ganz to develop his rear-engined designs for a small, {budget|finances|funds|price range} passenger {car|automobile|automotive}. The {result|consequence|end result|outcome} was {the standard|the usual} Superior, which was revealed {at the|on the} 1933 Berlin Auto Show. The {car|automobile|automotive} was constructed {around|round} a tube chassis, with {independent|impartial|unbiased} suspension and {wood|wooden} and plywood bodywork. It was powered by a two-cylinder, {400|four hundred} or 500cc air-cooled two-stroke engine, mounted {ahead|forward} of the rear axle. The Model 1 Standard Superior was very {much|a lot} a {budget|finances|funds|price range} {vehicle|automobile|car}. The {car|automobile|automotive} {could|may|might} {really|actually} {only|solely} accommodate two {adult|grownup} passengers. Two {children|kids|youngsters} {could be|could possibly be|may very well be|might be} perched uncomfortably on a tiny bench seat above the engine compartment. The later {model|mannequin} 'Deutschen Volkswagen' included some {improvements|enhancements} in styling {and additional|and extra} fittings, {but the|however the} {car|automobile|automotive} {did not|didn't} {sell|promote} {particularly|notably|significantly} {well|effectively|nicely|properly}.
{Only a few|Just a few|Only some} hundred Standard Superiors {were|had been|have been} {built|constructed} and there are {approximately|roughly} {four|4} {known|identified|recognized} survivors. Carl Borgward had developed his first {motor vehicle|motorcar|motorized vehicle} in 1927- the blitzkarren {delivery|supply} tricycle - and {business|enterprise} {just|simply} went from {strength|energy|power} to {strength|energy|power}. The blitzkarren {soon|quickly} gave {way to|approach to|method to|option to|solution to|strategy to|technique to} the Goliath Pioneer, a small, rear-engined tricycle {car|automobile|automotive}, and {a range|a spread|a variety} of tricycle {commercial|business|industrial} {vehicles|automobiles|autos}. The {result|consequence|end result|outcome} was the Hansa 500, {also|additionally} unveiled {at the|on the} 1933 Berlin Show. Similar in {concept|idea} and {construction|building|development} to {the standard|the usual} Superior, the Hansa was {built|constructed} {around|round} a tube chassis, had {independent|impartial|unbiased} suspension and was powered by a rear mounted 500cc air-cooled two-stroke engine. Although a {budget|finances|funds|price range} {car|automobile|automotive}, the Hansa 500 {able to|capable of|in a position to} capitalize on Hansa's heritage as {a quality|a high quality|a top quality} {car|automobile|automotive} manufacture, being {better|higher} made and with {better|higher} fittings that {the standard|the usual} Superior. However, like {it's|it is} competitor, it {did not|didn't} {sell|promote} {particularly|notably|significantly} {well|effectively|nicely|properly} and was {removed from|faraway from} sale after {only|solely} two years. In 1931 Hans Nibel and Max Wagner {built|constructed} a rear engined small {car|automobile|automotive} for Mercedes-Benz.
A handful of prototype 120H (for Heckmotor or rear-motor) {were|had been|have been} {built in|in-built|inbuilt} 1932 {to test|to check} the {concept|idea}. The 120H {performed|carried out} {reasonably|fairly|moderately} {well|effectively|nicely|properly} and Mercedes-Benz made {a decision|a call|a choice} to develop the {concept|idea} {into a|right into a} {production|manufacturing} {car|automobile|automotive}. The 130H {production|manufacturing} {model|mannequin} {introduced|launched} in 1934 was {larger|bigger} than its predecessor and consequently was fitted with {a bigger|a much bigger|an even bigger} engine. {The new|The brand new} engine, mounted behind the rear axle, {changed|modified} the {car|automobile|automotive}'s centre of gravity, giving the {car|automobile|automotive} poor {handling|dealing with}. After the 130H demonstrated poor rear {end|finish} stability {during|throughout} testing, Mercedes-Benz engineers {were|had been|have been} {forced|compelled|pressured} to {find a|discover a} {way|approach|manner|means|method} {to reduce|to cut back|to scale back} the {car|automobile|automotive}'s tendency to yaw. Reducing the tyre {pressure|strain|stress} {in the|within the} rear tyres was {found|discovered} to be {one way|a method|a technique} of {improving|bettering|enhancing} the {car|automobile|automotive}'s {handling|dealing with} and purchasers {were|had been|have been} given very {specific|particular} {instructions|directions} {in their|of their} {user|consumer|person} {manual|guide|handbook}. Porche's rear engined Zundapp prototype was {still|nonetheless} a {long way|good distance|great distance} from the Volkswagen. The three prototypes trialed three {different|completely different|totally different} air-cooled engines - a Zundapp {five|5} cylinder radial, a two-cylinder two-stroke, and Porsche's {own|personal} flat {four|4} boxer. {None of the|Not one of the} engines {performed|carried out} {particularly|notably|significantly} {well|effectively|nicely|properly} and the {project|challenge|mission|undertaking|venture} was cancelled.
After Rasmussen was fired from Auto-Union in late 1933, design duties at DKW {were|had been|have been} assigned to {a new|a brand new} group design {team|crew|group|staff|workforce} that pooled {resources|assets|sources} from all {four|4} Auto-Union {companies|corporations|firms}. Horch designer, Hermann Ahrens, designed the streamlined bodywork that was manufactured by the DKW karroseriewerkes at Spandau. In accordance with {standard|commonplace|customary|normal} DKW {practice|apply|follow|observe}, the {body|physique} was constructed of {wood|wooden} with plywood paneling {covered|coated|lined} with leatherette for weather proofing. The {result|consequence|end result|outcome} was very {impressive|spectacular} with its {long|lengthy}, curved roof-line and sharply curved bonnet. The {car|automobile|automotive} was not dissimilar to the Tatra v570 prototype being constructed in {the greatest|the best} of secrecy in Czechoslovakia. The chassis was {adapted|tailored} from a DKW F2 meisterklasse as was its 600cc two-cylinder water-cooled two-stroke engine. DKW's little engine and gearbox was {easily|simply} {adapted|tailored} for the job. Gear change linkages {however|nevertheless|nonetheless} did require {a little|a bit|a bit of|a little bit|just a little|slightly|somewhat} {more|extra} work. {8|Eight} {model|mannequin} was used. {A long|A protracted|An extended}, distinctive {metal|metallic|steel} engine {cover|cowl} with cooling vents {concealed|hid} the engine. Cooling the radiator proved to be {a problem|an issue} {however|nevertheless|nonetheless}, which is {of course|after all|in fact} why {most of the|a lot of the|many of the} rear-engined {car|automobile|automotive} {concepts|ideas} featured air cooling. Additional air scoops {were|had been|have been} opened {in the|within the} sides to facilitate air {flow|circulate|circulation|move|movement|stream}. Eventually a fan was added, a design {feature|characteristic|function} {that would|that may|that might|that will} later be used on the DKW F9 to cool its rear mounted radiator. The {car|automobile|automotive} was {used in|utilized in} {a number of|a lot of|a variety of|numerous|plenty of|quite a few|quite a lot of|various} trials {and many|and lots of|and plenty of} {important|essential|necessary|vital} {lessons|classes} {were|had been|have been} {learned|discovered|realized}, {including|together with} proving that {you could|you can|you could possibly|you may|you might|you possibly can|you would} {build|construct} a curved, streamlined {car|automobile|automotive} our of {wood|wooden}. But DKW {never|by no means} felt that the rear-engined {concept|idea} was {worth|price|value} pursuing and {only|solely} {the single|the one|the only} prototype was {built|constructed}. The {car|automobile|automotive} was used for {a few|a couple of|a number of|just a few} publicity {photographs|images|pictures} {before|earlier than} being mothballed with {other|different} experimental {vehicles|automobiles|autos}, all of which {were|had been|have been} {lost|misplaced} {in the|within the} {war|battle|conflict|struggle|warfare}. DKW's Spandau karosseriewerkes {adapted|tailored} the streamlined {body|physique} {concept|idea} for {the next|the following|the subsequent} mode, the Schwebeklasse, {released|launched} in 1934. The {complex|advanced|complicated} curves and indentations of the Schwebeklasse {were|had been|have been} a pinnacle of the {wooden|picket|wood} karosserie's {art|artwork}.
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